HYDROPOWER

 

COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS

CIVIL COMPONENTS: 

1. Dam : A dam is an obstruction or a barrier constructed across a river or stream to create a reservoir  on its upstream side.
2. Surge Tank : The surge tank converts these fast (water hammer) pressure oscillations into much slower and lower–pressure fluctuations due to mass oscillation in the surge chamber.
3. Spillway : The spillway is a structure constructed at a dam site, for effectively disposing of the surplus water from upstream to downstream.
4.  Anchor Block: An anchor block is an encasement of penstock designed to restrain the pipe movement in all directions.
5. Support Pier: Support pier are short columns that are placed between anchor blocks along straight sections.
6. Headrace Canal: A canal or a pipe that conveys water from intake to forebay.